Products
Lactase is commercially available in many countries as both a drug (Lacdigest) and a dietary supplement. Available dosage forms include chewable tablets and capsules. The “strength” or enzyme activity is indicated by the FCC (Food Chemical Codex) unit.
Structure and properties
The enzymes contained in the preparations are beta-galactosidases, usually obtained from molds (, ) or from yeast. Thus, they are not the human intestinal enzyme. Beta-galactosidases differ, among other things, in their pH and temperature optimum. The indication “lactase” as an ingredient is inaccurate in our view. Better would be, for example, “beta-galactosidase from “.
Effects
Beta-galactosidases are taken as a substitute for the body’s own enzyme lactase, which breaks down milk sugar (lactose) in the small intestine into its absorbable components glucose and galactose. Substitution relieves the symptoms of lactose intolerance, such as flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhea and cramps, and increases the tolerance of products containing lactose. Beta-galactosidases are not themselves absorbed into the bloodstream, but are digested or eliminated in the stool. Lactose (milk sugar) + lactase glucose + galactose.
Indications for use
For substitution therapy in lactose intolerance. Beta-galactosidases are also used in food technology, including the production of lactose-free products. Foods treated with the enzymes are sweeter than the starting products because the two sugars formed have a sweeter taste than the lactose. They also dissolve better and crystallize less (e.g., ice cream, condensed milk).
Dosage
According to package insert. The chewable tablets or capsules are taken immediately before consuming foods containing lactose. The dose depends on the amount of lactose and the severity of symptoms. Beta-galactosidase can also be stirred into food or drinks. However, its temperature should not exceed 50°C.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include allergic reactions.