Products
Levocabastine is commercially available as eye drops and as a nasal spray (Livostin). It has been approved in many countries since 1992. See also under levocabastine eye drops.
Structure and properties
Levocabastine (C26H29FN2O2, Mr = 420.52 g/mol) is a substituted cyclohexylpiperidine derivative. In medicinal products, levocabastine hydrochloride, which is practically insoluble in water, is in the form of a suspension. Therefore, the vials must be shaken before use.
Effects
Levocabastine (ATC R01AC02, ATC S01GX02) has antihistamine, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic properties. The antihistamine effect occurs within 10 to 15 minutes and lasts for about 12 hours. The effects are due to selective antagonism at histamine H1 receptors.
Indications
The eye drops are used for symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, and the nasal spray is used for treatment of hay fever.
Dosage
According to the package insert. The vials must be shaken before use because the drug is in suspension. The eye drops are usually placed in the eyes 2 to a maximum of 4 times daily in adults. Of the nasal spray, 2 sprays are given into the nostrils twice a day. The duration of use is limited without medical supervision. See also Administering eye drops and Administering nasal sprays.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Severe renal insufficiency
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Interactions with other agents are considered unlikely.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include local reactions of the eye or nose, hypersensitivity reactions, and headache. Fatigue may occur rarely.
