The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by hypomagnesemia (magnesium deficiency):
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Diabetes mellitus (increase in insulin resistance) – magnesium supplementation may decrease insulin resistance in diabetics.
- Hypokalemia (potassium deficiency).
- Metabolic alkalosis
Circulatory system (I00-I99)
- Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Digitalis-induced cardiac arrhythmias
- Extrasystoles (heartbeat occurring outside the physiological heart rhythm).
- Supraventricular arrhythmias (supraventricular extrasystoles (SVES), atrial fibrillation (VHF).
- Tachycardia (heart rate >100 beats per minute ).
- Ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia (VT), torsade de pointes tachycardia (TdP), ventricular arrhythmia due to re-entry.
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Unstable angina pectoris (UA; unstable angina; “chest tightness”; suddenly occurring pain in the region of the heart with inconstant symptoms) – one speaks of unstable angina pectoris if the symptoms have increased in intensity or duration compared to the previous angina pectoris attacks
- Coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease).
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT)
Pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (O00-O99).
- Preterm labor
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)
- Cephalgia (headache)
- Fasciculations (muscle twitching)
- Constipation (constipation)
- Spasms of the muscles (cramps in the calves).
- Tetany – syndrome of neuromuscular hyperexcitability; leads mainly to painful muscle cramps.
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99).
Further
- Release of stress hormones
- Digitalis sensitivity ↑
Note: For literature on the topic of therapy of magnesium deficiency, see “Micronutrient Medicine/Magnesium/Therapy”.
