The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency:
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Increased susceptibility to infection
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Angina pectoris (“chest tightness”; sudden onset of pain in the heart area).
- Palpitations (heart stuttering)
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa).
- Hunter’s glositis (inflammation of the tongue) with mucosal atrophy of the tongue and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- Malabsorption
- Steatorrhea (fatty stools)
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Ataxia (gait disorders)
- Dementia
- Funicular myelosis (synonym: funicular spinal disease) – demyelinating disease (degeneration of the posterior cord, lateral cord, and a polyneuropathy/diseases of the peripheral nervous system affecting multiple nerves) caused by vitamin B12 deficiency; symptomatology: deficits of motor function and sensitivity that may worsen to paraplegia; encephalopathy (pathological conditions of the brain) of varying degrees.
- Disturbed sense of position
- Disturbed vibration sensation
- Muscle weakness
- Paresis (paralysis) in the extremities
- Psychosis
- Numbness in the extremities
- Forgetfulness
- Decreased or increased reflexes
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)
- Anorexia (loss of appetite).
- Diarrhea (diarrhea)
- Weight loss
The following are the main diseases or complications that may be contributed by megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency:
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Increased susceptibility to infection
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Angina pectoris (“chest tightness”; sudden onset of pain in the heart area).
- Palpitations (heart stuttering)
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Cheilosis – redness and swelling of the lips.
- Gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa).
- Glossitis (inflammation of the tongue)
- Malabsorption
- Steatorrhea (fatty stools)
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Anorexia (loss of appetite).
- Diarrhea (diarrhea)
- Weight loss
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed by pernicious anemia:
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Increased susceptibility to infection
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer)