Minerals and trace elements

These organic components are, like all other substances of the human organism, subject to constant turnover. Since this does not happen without loss, a continuous supply with food is necessary. The most important minerals and trace elements:

Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Chlorine
Iron
Iodine
Cobalt
Copper
Manganese
Molybank
Chrome
Fluorine
Selenium

Dietary fibres

Dietary fibers are indigestible and difficult to digest carbohydrates (cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins), mainly contained in whole grain products, vegetables, fruit, legumes and potatoes. Fiber promotes the feeling of satiety. A diet rich in fiber has a positive effect on the blood cholesterol level. Fibers are also swellable and lubricious. They cause intestine filling, promote the intestine movement and regulate so the stool emptying.

Water

Among the inorganic building materials of the human organism, water is by far the most important in terms of quantity. About 66% of the adult’s body weight is water. In newborns it is over 70%.The water requirement of an adult person is about 30 to 35 g per kg body weight in 24 hours.

That is 2 to 2 1/2 liters for an adult man. In case of heavy sweating or hot weather, the water requirement can be considerably higher due to increased sweating. Sufficient water supply is essential for life. Water losses of more than 15% lead to death.

Nutrition therapy for overweight

General basic rules: A change in diet must be made and maintained permanently. Wrong eating habits (fast food, eating out of boredom, habit, anger, frustration) should be recognized and permanently changed.

Energy intake daily approx.
500 calories less than required (not less than 1200 calories daily)
Not more than 30 % fat (limit the intake of saturated fatty acids)
At least 50 % carbohydrates (complex carbohydrates preferred)
10 to 20 % protein
Sufficient dietary fiber
Five portions of fruit and vegetables (a total of approx. 700g) as an integral part of the daily menu
Sufficient fluid intake in the form of calorie-free drinks, at least 2 liters daily.
Cholesterol intake with food daily under 300 mg
No undersupply of important nutrients
No dietary supplements as an integral part of the daily diet (drinks, powders, shakes, vitamins etc. )
No or only very little alcohol consumption
No list of prohibited foods
No one-sided food selection
At least three meals a day
Vegetarian diet (with milk, dairy products and eggs) should be possible
The effort for the preparation of the meals must be realistic and suitable for everyday use.
Tips for eating out are useful
Weight loss 0.5 kg, maximum 1 kg per week
The form of nutrition must be suitable as a permanent diet, must not increase risk factors or damage health.