Products
Minoxidil is commercially available as a solution and in some countries also as a foam (Regaine, generics, USA: Rogaine). It has been approved in many countries since 1987. The brand name plays on the English verb , which translates as to recover or get back. This article refers to external use. Tablets also exist for the treatment of hypertension.
Structure and properties
Minoxidil (C9H15N5O, Mr = 209.2 g/mol) exists as a white, crystalline and photosensitive powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a piperidine and pyrimidine derivative.
Effects
Minoxidil (ATC D11AX01) reduces excessive hair loss and promotes new hair growth in androgenetic hair loss. The hair increasingly passes from the resting phase (telogen) to the growth phase (anagen). The growth phase is prolonged and the diameter of the hair shaft is increased.
Indications
For external treatment of androgenetic hair loss in men and women.
Dosage
According to the package leaflet. The solution is intended for use on healthy and dry scalp. It is applied to the affected areas in the morning and evening. Hands must be washed thoroughly after application. In order for the effect to occur and be maintained, continuous application is necessary. If the product is discontinued, the effectiveness is lost.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
It is theoretically possible that the effects of antihypertensives and vasodilators may be enhanced. Concomitant use of dermatics and agents that enhance the absorption of minoxidil through the skin into the blood is not recommended.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include local reactions of the scalp, such as mild eczema, and headache. Increased hair loss may occur during the first few weeks of treatment. However, this is normal and is part of the treatment. Minoxidil may rarely cause systemic side effects such as hypotension.
