Pathogenesis (development of disease)
The cause of myopia is a mismatch between the refractive power and the axial length of the eyeball. This results in a focal point in front of the retina. This leads to the fact that on the retina only a blurred image is shown. Thus, only objects close to the eye can be seen sharply.
Etiology (causes)
Biographic causes
- Genetic burden from parents, grandparents.
- Education (increase in myopia risk with each year of schooling completed and the higher the level of schooling completed)
Behavioral causes
- Staying in rooms with little daylight (5 times the risk).
- Spending little time outdoors (“outdoor time”) and a lot of time doing close work (“near-vision time”) (15.9-fold increased risk)
- Close work on the smartphone, computer, TV or other media.
Causes related to illness
