1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests.
- Tumor markers NSE (neuron-specific enolase), homovanillic acid (HVS), vanillic mandelic acid (VMS).
Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and the obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Small blood count
- Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein).
- Liver parameters – alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT, GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.
- Renal parameters – urea, creatinine.
- Alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoenzymes, ostase, urinary calcium (tumor hypercalcemia (synonym: tumor-induced hypercalcemia (calcium excess), TIH) is one of the most common symptoms in paraneoplastic syndromes), PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein; the constellation with decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH) and increased PTHrP is typical for tumor hypercalcemia) – if bone metastases are suspected.
- PCF11 (protein plays a significant role in neuronal cell differentiation) – biomarker for prognostic estimation of neuroblastoma [high PCF11 level → embryonic proliferation, invasion and tumor spread].
- Bone marrow aspiration with histological workup
