Neurodermatitis (Atopic Eczema): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).

  • Netherton syndrome (synonym: Comèl-Netherton syndrome) -genetic skin disease (genodermatosis) with autosomal recessive inheritance; main features are ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), a distinct defect of the hair shaft (trichorrhexis invaginata; TI; bamboo hair), and atopy symptoms
  • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome – X-linked recessive inherited disorder with insufficiency (weakness) of blood clotting and immune system; symptom triad: eczema (rash), thrombocytopenia (lack of platelets), and recurrent infections

Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

  • Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES; synonyms: Job syndrome, hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome) – rare primary immunodeficiency with autosomal dominant inheritance characterized by the following clinical triad (trinity):
    • Eczema with excessively elevated serum IgE (> 2,000 IU/ml).
    • Recurrent staphylococcal abscesses of the skin.
    • Pneumonias (pneumonia)

    Other symptoms include: increased bone fragility, hyperextensibility of joints, scoliosis, persistence of deciduous teeth (multisystem disease).

  • Omenn syndrome (OS) – genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance; characterized by inflammatory disease with erythroderma (extensive skin redness), scaling, alopecia (hair loss), chronic diarrhea (diarrhea), failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy (lymph node enlargement), and hepatosplenomegaly (liver and spleen enlargement); Severe combined immunodeficiency (immune deficiency) with hypereosinophilia (increase in eosinophilic granulocytes in peripheral blood).

Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).

  • Allergic eczema (allergic contact dermatitis) – skin reactions triggered by allergens.
  • Irritant eczema (irritant contact eczema) – reactions triggered by irritants to the skin.
  • Microbial eczema – skin reactions triggered by bacteria.
  • Psoriasis (psoriasis) palmoplantaris (palm) – demarcation of hand eczema.
  • Seborrheic dermatitis – greasy-scaly skin inflammation.
  • Scabies (scabies)
  • Tinea manuum et pedum (fungal disease of the hands and feet) – demarcation of hand and foot eczema.

Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).

  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (of which the early eczema stage) [in adults].