Neurogenic bladder refers to a dysfunction of the urinary bladder due to a disorder in the nervous system. Under “neuromuscular dysfunction of the urinary bladder, not elsewhere classified” (synonyms: Acontractile bladder; Bladder muscle acontractility without neurologic substrate; Atonic neuromuscular urinary bladder dysfunction; Autonomic neuromuscular urinary bladder dysfunction; Bladder atony; Bladder dysfunction; Bladder paralysis; Bladder weakness; Bladder wall weakness; Detrusor atony of the urinary bladder; Detrusor decompensation of the urinary bladder; Detrusor hyperreflexia of the urinary bladder; Detrusor hypoactivity of the urinary bladder; Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia; Functional bladder voiding disorder; Functional urinary bladder dysfunction; Urinary bladder dysfunction; Urinary bladder dysfunction with detrusor instability in autonomic neuropathy; Urinary bladder hypotonia; Urinary bladder instability; Urinary bladder paralysis; Urinary bladder weakness; Urinary bladder sphincter incontinence; Urinary bladder sphincter myasthenia; Urinary bladder sphincter relaxation; Urinary bladder sphincter weakness; Urinary bladder inertia; Urinary bladder wall weakness; Hypersensitive bladder; Hypertonic bladder; Bladder muscle hypocontractility without neurologic substrate; Hypotonic bladder; Unstable bladder; Unstable bladder without neurologic substrate; Lazy bladder; Neurogenic autonomic bladder; Neurogenic bladder; Neurogenic bladder with uninhibited emptying; Neurogenic bladder atony; Neurogenic bladder voiding disorder; Neurogenic bladder disorder; Neurogenic bladder; Neurogenic bladder in autonomic neuropathy; Neurogenic bladder in frontal brain syndrome; Neurogenic bladder after surgical deafferentation; Neurogenic bladder atrophy; Neurogenic bladder dysfunction; Neurogenic bladder voiding disorder; Neurogenic bladder incontinence; Neurogenic urinary incontinence; Neurogenic micturition dysfunction; Neurogenic motor atonic bladder; Neurogenic nonreflective bladder; Neurogenic nonreflective bladder; Neurogenic paralysis of the urinary bladder sphincter; Neurogenic reflex bladder; Neurogenic residual urinary retention; Neurogenic flaccid bladder; Neurogenic sensory atonic bladder; Neurohormonal irritable bladder; Neuromuscular bladder dysfunction; Neuromuscular bladder voiding disorder; Neuromuscular bladder dysfunction; Nonreflex neuromuscular bladder dysfunction; Organically fixed neuromuscular low compliance bladder; Paralysis of the urinary bladder sphincter; Paresis of urinary bladder sphincter; Paresis vesicae; Flaccid neuromuscular urinary bladder dysfunction; Sphincter vesicae myasthenia; Sphincter vesicae relaxation; Sphincter vesicae weakness; Uninhibited neuromuscular urinary bladder dysfunction; Urgency bladder; Vesical paralysis; Vesical relaxation; Vesical paresis a. n.k. ; Cerebral detrusor instability; Cerebral disinhibited urinary bladder; Cystoplegia; ICD-10-GM N31.-: Neuromuscular dysfunction of urinary bladder, not elsewhere classified), the following conditions are grouped together:
- Uninhibited neurogenic bladder dysfunction, not elsewhere classified (N31.0) – cerebral detrusor instability (near-normal micturition pattern, with the only notable feature being that when the urge to urinate begins, an unsuppressible reflex detrusor contraction (bladder muscles responsible for voiding) occurs with concomitant sphincter relaxation and bladder emptying begins) or centrally disinhibited urinary bladder
- Neurogenic reflex bladder, not elsewhere classified (N31.1) – Urinary bladder dysfunction with detrusor instability associated with autonomic neuropathy (peripheral nervous system disease)
- Flaccid neurogenic urinary bladder, not elsewhere classified (N31.2) – neurogenic urinary bladder.
- Other neuromuscular dysfunction of urinary bladder (N31.8) – neuromuscular low compliance bladder, lazy bladder (Hinman syndrome or “non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder,” NNNB), unstable bladder without neurologic substrate
- Neuromuscular dysfunction of the urinary bladder, unspecified (N31.9)
Peak incidence: the incidence of neurogenic bladder increases with age: significantly from 44 years of age in women and significantly from 64 years of age in men. The prevalence (disease incidence) of neurogenic bladder increases with age: from 2% to 19% in women and from 0.3% to 9% in men. Course and prognosis: As a result of neurogenic bladder, there is often residual urine formation (volume of urine remaining inside the bladder after voiding) and accumulation of bacteria in the urinary bladder resulting in cystitis (infection of the urinary bladder).Another possible complication is pyelonephritis (inflammation of the renal pelvis), which is caused by vesiculorenal reflux (non-physiological backflow of urine from the bladder via the ureters into the renal pelvis). Note: Residual urine formation is clinically relevant when it exceeds 50-100 ml. A neurogenic bladder leads to significant limitations in quality of life and is associated with great shame.
