Oligomenorrhea: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps:

General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further:
- Inspection (viewing).
  - Skin and mucous membranes [due todifferential diagnosis of hyperandrogenemia (acne; alopecia androgentica/plant-related hair loss)]
  - Abdominal wall and inguinal region (groin area).
Gynecological examination
- Inspection
  - Vulva (external, primary female sexual organs).
  - Vagina (vagina)
  - Cervix uteri (cervix), or portio (cervix; transition from the cervix (cervix uteri) to the vagina (vagina)), taking a Pap smear (for early detection of cervical cancer).
- Palpation (bimanual; palpation with both hands) of the internal genital organs.
  - Cervix uteri (cervix).
  - Uterus (uterus) [Normal: anteflexed/angled anteriorly, normal size, no tenderness].
  - Adnexa (appendages of the uterus, i.e., the ovary (ovary) and uterine tubule (fallopian tube)) [Normal: free]
  - Parametria (pelvic connective tissue in front of the cervix to the urinary bladder and on both sides to the lateral pelvic wall) [Normal: free].
  - Pelvic walls [Normal: free]
  - Douglas space (pocket-like bulge of the peritoneum (abdominal wall) between the rectum (rectum) at the back and the uterus (uterus) at the front) [Normal: clear].
  - Digital rectal examination (DRU): examination of the rectum (rectum) [Normal: unremarkable mucosa].
- Inspection of the mammae (breasts), right and left; nipple (breast), right and left; and skin [Normal: unremarkable; furthermore, note the following:
  - Galactorrhea/diseased breast milk discharge (due todifferential diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia/elevation of blood prolactin levels);
- Palpation of the mammae, both supraclavicular pits (upper clavicular pits) and axillae (axillae) [Normal: unremarkable].
Health check

Square brackets [ ] indicate possible pathological (pathological) physical findings.