Oxazepam: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses

Products

Oxazepam is commercially available in tablet form (Seresta, Anxiolit). It has been approved in many countries since 1966.

Structure and properties

Oxazepam (C15H11ClN2O2, Mr = 286.7 g/mol) is a racemate. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water.

Effects

Oxazepam (ATC N05BA04) has antianxiety, sedative, sleep-inducing, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. The effects are due to binding to GABAA receptors.

Indications

For symptomatic and short-term treatment of anxiety and tension, sleep disorders, and against withdrawal symptoms of alcoholism.

Dosage

According to the drug label. The dose is adjusted on an individual basis. Duration of therapy should be kept as short as possible.

Abuse

Like all benzodiazepines, oxazepam can be abused as a depressant narcotic.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity
  • Myasthenia gravis
  • Severe respiratory failure
  • Dependence on intoxicants and medications

For complete precautions, see the drug label.

Interactions

Central depressant drugs, alcohol, and muscle relaxants may potentiate adverse effects. Oxazepam, unlike other benzodiazepines, is not metabolized by CYP but is mostly glucuronidated directly at the hydroxyl group.

Adverse effects

The most common adverse effects include drowsiness, fatigue, drowsiness, gait disturbance, confusion, depression, drowsiness, impotence, muscle weakness, and nausea. Oxazepam may be addictive. Many other less common side effects are possible.