Peripheral Artery Disease: Complications

The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by peripheral arterial disease (pAVD):

Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).

Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)

Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries) – pAVD is a predictor of high atherosclerosis load
Apoplexy due to cerebral infarction (cerebral ischemia).
Carotid stenosis (carotid artery stenosis) (10-23%)* .
Coronary artery disease (CAD; disease of the coronary arteries) (60-70%)*
Critical limb ischemia (reduced blood flow to an extremity); clinical picture: patients suffer from rest pain or Occurrence of necrosis (death of cells/cell death) or gangrene (tissue death due to reduced blood flow or other damage); therapeutic options include amputation, endovascular revascularization, or surgical revascularization (open surgery); after endovascular revascularization: median survival 2.7 years (4-year survival rate: 38%), after surgical revascularization: median survival 2.9 years (4-year survival rate: 40%).
Myocardial infarction (heart attack).
Renal artery stenosis (renal artery stenosis) (14-19%)* .
Cerebral atherosclerosis (arterial occlusive disease of the cerebral arteries).

* 2017 ESC guidelines (see below).

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

Skin infections caused by a wide variety of pathogens, such as staphylococci, after minor injuries due to inadequate perfusion

Neoplasms (C00-D48)

Increased cancer incidence-5 years of observation after claudication diagnosis: increase in tumor diagnoses by 46% or by a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.46; smoker-associated cancers dominated: bladder, kidney, laryngeal, esophageal, pancreatic, and tongue cancers. Furthermore, an increased incidence of Hodgkin’s disease, a cancer entity not associated with tobacco use, was demonstrated.

Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).

Further

Prognostic factors