The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by infectious mononucleosis (Pfeiffer’s glandular fever):
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pneumonia (pneumonia)
- Streptococcal angina – sore throat caused by bacteria.
Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).
- Hemolytic anemia – anemia caused by the destruction of erythrocytes (red blood cells).
- Splenic rupture (rupture of the spleen), non-traumatic.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle).
- Pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium)
- Vasculitis (vascular inflammation)
Liver, gallbladder and bile ducts – pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Sialadenitis (inflammation of the salivary glands).
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
- Meningitis (meningitis)
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) – Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a risk factor the development of multiple sclerosis; regardless of ethnic background.
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99).
- Genital ulcerations (ulcerations).
- Nephritis (inflammation of the kidneys)
Associated diseases
The following are the main diseases or complications that can occur coupled with infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). They occur in individuals who have immunodeficiency (immune deficiency). Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).
- Angioimmunoplastic lymphadenopathy – disease belonging to the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.
- Granulocytopenia – decrease in the content of granulocytes in the blood; granulocytes are among the defense cells.
- Pancytopenia (synonym: tricytopenia) – reduction of all three cell series in the blood.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Age-associated lymphomas (100% of age-associated lymphomas are EBV-associated).
- B-cell lymphomas (approximately 20% of B-cell lymphomas are EBV-associated).
- Burkitt’s lymphoma (endemic in African and Latin American malarial areas and New Guinea) – malignant lymphoma, the formation of which is associated with Epstein-Barr virus in 20% of cases and is categorized as B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
- HIV-associated lymphomas (approximately 70% of HIV-associated lymphomas are EBV-associated).
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (approximately 30% of Hodgkin’s lymphomas are EBV-associated).
- Leiomyosarcoma – malignant tumor that usually originates from hair follicles.
- Lymphomas of the central nervous system
- Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer; approximately 8-10% of gastric carcinomas are EBV-associated).
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (nasopharyngeal cancer; EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is endemic in Taiwan, southern China, southeast Asia, and parts of northern Africa)
- NK/T-cell lymphoma – disease belonging to the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.
- Tonsillar carcinoma (cancer of the palatine tonsils)
- Thymoma (thymus tumor)
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Acute transverse myelitis – diffuse inflammation of the spinal cord.
- Facial nerve palsy – paralysis of the facial nerve; this supplies facial muscles, among others.
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS; synonyms: Idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis, Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome); two courses: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (disease of the peripheral nervous system); idiopathic polyneuritis (diseases of multiple nerves) of the spinal nerve roots and peripheral nerves with ascending paralysis and pain; usually occurs after infections.
- Peripheral neuritis – inflammation of nerves at peripheral nerves.
