Products
Phencyclidine is not commercially available in many countries. Legally, it is one of the more tightly controlled narcotics and is subject to the relevant legislation. However, it is not a banned substance. Phencyclidine is also illegally manufactured and trafficked.
Structure and properties
Phencyclidine (C17H25N, Mr = 243.4 g/mol) is a phenylcyclohexylpiperidine. It was originally developed as an anesthetic (e.g., Sernylan) and is structurally related to ketamine.
Effects
Phencyclidine has psychotropic and hallucinogenic properties. Like ketamine or dextromethorphan, the effects are due to antagonism at -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. PCP is more potent than ketamine and binds noncompetitively to the receptor. Other drug targets have been described.
Indications for Use
Phencyclidine is used as a narcotic and hallucinogen. No established medical indications exist. However, phencyclidine is used as a model for mental illness, especially schizophrenia. It is capable of triggering positive and negative symptoms and causes cognitive deficits.
Dosage
Phencyclidine is administered perorally, inhaled, or parenterally.
Adverse effects
Phencyclidine may cause symptoms of schizophrenia and is neurotoxic, among other effects. Because of the numerous possible adverse effects, misuse is not advised.
