The shoulder is one of the most important joints of the human body. If an operation has to be performed on it due to an injury, it can lead to massive restrictions in the daily life of the affected person and a disciplined rehabilitation process is necessary. If an operation is unavoidable, physiotherapy is an essential part of the therapy. In most cases it is even advisable to start with physiotherapy before the operation. If the operation has been performed, physiotherapy begins on the first postoperative day.
Contents of physiotherapy
The contents of physiotherapy after shoulder surgery are primarily designed to restore the coordination and mobility of the joint and strengthen the muscles. As a rule, physiotherapy is started within the first 24 hours after an operation. This initially includes therapeutic procedures such as lymphatic drainage to prevent excessive swelling of the joint, as well as passive exercises in which the operated arm is gently moved by the physiotherapist.
Under certain circumstances, a shoulder power splint is also used, which can be individually adjusted and then automatically moves the arm in a controlled manner to mobilize the shoulder. The patient’s motivation and discipline are also essential for successful therapy. Only through consistent training can full mobility be quickly achieved without restrictions in everyday life.
In principle, the content of physiotherapy is adapted to the patient and his or her fitness level, age and type of operation. The therapist will draw up a suitable training plan in consultation with patients and doctors to make the rehabilitation process as short and successful as possible.
- Depending on the type of surgery, the shoulder may not be loaded or only partially loaded for several weeks, so the patient must wear a immobilizing splint or sling in everyday life.
This immobilization usually takes 4-6 weeks. During this time the arm is not moved by itself. The physiotherapist continues to move the arm passively to prevent adhesions and movement restrictions.
- After about 4-6 weeks, the active part of the physiotherapy can then begin.
Here, the patient performs individually tailored exercises under the guidance of the therapist to restore the muscles, mobility and stability of the shoulder joint. These exercises can either be performed by the patient himself or on equipment. It is important here not to put too much strain on the weak joint and to slowly increase the intensity of the training. During this phase, the patient is also given additional exercises to perform at home.
