Possible complications of a toxic megacolon

Some possible complications are known to exist in the Toxic Megacolon. One possibility is that of an intestinal rupture. In this case, the severely damaged intestine breaks open and the intestinal contents enter the abdominal cavity, which can lead to peritonitis.

Furthermore, there is a risk that the affected person will slip into septic shock. This means that the blood pressure continues to drop and the pulse continues to rise until the circulation can no longer compensate for this and multiorgan failure occurs. In addition, severe bleeding can occur, as the blood clotting of the affected person is restricted.

When does one need surgery?

The main focus of the treatment is the attempt to relieve and maintain the affected bowel segment. Initially, conservative treatment under strict intensive medical control is attempted to balance the water and salt balance and to remove the toxins that cause the disease. Only if the conservative therapy does not show any success within 48-72 hours, surgery is necessary. In some clinics, earlier surgery is now also being sought. In the operation, the affected bowel segment is completely removed and an artificial bowel outlet is created.

Antibiotics

In the best case the basic diseases are already treated before the development of a toxic megacolon. Here there are antibiotics, which work for example against a Clostridium Difficile infection. When a Toxic Megacolon occurs, the person affected receives so-called broad-spectrum antibiotics that help against a variety of bacteria. Even after the operation, those affected receive antibiotics to prevent infection. Read more about the areas of application of antibiotics here.

Nutrition

During treatment at the Toxic Megacolon, the affected person is supplied with nutrients via the veins, since complete emptying of the intestine is necessary for healing of the bowel. After a surgical treatment with the creation of an artificial bowel outlet, the affected person should eat low-fiber food and eat many small meals. Over time, the bowel can be accustomed to its normal function again.

It is particularly important that those affected ensure a sufficient fluid intake. Optimal nutrition for colon diseases? –