PreventionProphylaxis

If there are already two known cases of breast cancer (mamma carcinomas) or malignant tumors of the ovaries (ovaries) in the family or if a male member of the family suffers from breast cancer, a genetic examination can be performed on request.The person seeking advice is examined for breast cancer gene 1 and 2 by a gynecologist (specialist in gynecology), oncologist (specialist in tumor diseases) and psychologist under intensive supervision. If there is a change (mutation) in one of these genes, the patient should in any case undergo a gynecological examination at least every six months in order to be able to detect any changes in the ovaries at an early stage if necessary. Palpation of the genital organs, abdomen, liver (hepar) and inguinal lymph nodes is part of the standard examination.

Diagnostic tests are also performed. In case of a mutation of the gene and after family planning is complete, removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes (adenectomy) may be considered. This is a preventive measure and can be desired by the person affected, but does not have to be done.

The idea behind the operation is that if there are no more ovaries, ovarian cancer can no longer develop. However, since the peritoneum develops from the same cells as the ovaries, ovarian cancer can nevertheless develop after the removal of the ovaries, namely in the peritoneum (extra-ovarian ovarian carcinoma). This fact should be kept in mind after removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Sonography
Computed tomography (CT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRT)

Causes

Why some cells in the ovaries transform into malignant cancer cells in some women is not yet fully understood. In about 5% to 10% of women, however, the development of ovarian cancer is genetically determined. These patients show a change (mutation) of a gene.

Affected are the “breast cancer gene 1″ on chromosomes 17 (BRAC 1 = Breast Cancer Gene) and the “breast cancer gene 2” on chromosomes 13 (BRAC 2 = Breast Cancer Gene 2), which also play a role in the development of breast cancer. It is noticeable that ovarian cancer is found more frequently in the white race. The white race thus seems to be a risk factor, so to speak.

Women over the age of 40 are also frequently affected by this cancer. Women with breast cancer that has already been diagnosed (manifested) also have an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer due to their genetic susceptibility (predisposition) to breast cancer. A further risk factor is the drug treatment to trigger ovulation (ovulation induction), which is used for example in infertility. A diet rich in fat and meat also has a negative effect. Summary:

White skin color
Age over 40
Breast Cancer
Infertility treatment
Food rich in fat and meat