Forefoot runner, backfoot runner, metatarsal runner, running analysis, running style analysis, runner’s knee (tractus syndrome)Every foot has different anatomical conditions, so there is no general running style that can be transferred to every type of runner. A normal foot attachment is characterized by pronation in the ankle joint. Deviations of the foot position towards the inside of the foot are called overpronation, deviations towards the outside of the foot indicate supination (underpronation).
Thus, in typical supination runners, the running shoes in the area of the heel and the forefoot are worn on the outside. Pronation runners show wear on the outside of the heel (rear foot) and the inside of the forefoot. A targeted treadmill analysis makes it possible to visualize defective positions of the foot by means of pressure measurement and video analysis.
Orthopedic insoles or sports insoles can compensate for these malpositions. In the case of a defective position in the ankle joint, individually manufactured insoles can compensate for the defective position. In the case of a kinked foot, the foot is shifted in the supination direction by means of a supination wedge (elevation of the inner side of the foot) so that the ankle joint cannot kink in the direction of the middle when the foot is attached.
Stabilizers can fix ankle joints. However, this method should be considered with caution, since the passive locomotor system (bones, ligaments, tendons) adapts and stabilizes through regular walking. Supination (overpronation) occurs only in very rare cases (<1%).
Special attention should be paid to cushioning of the footwear. Further interesting information:
- O- legs
- X- legs
- Knee Arthrosis
- Knee prosthesis
- Meniscus
- Patellar Tip Syndrome
Insoles enable optimal protection of the joints and thus have a preventive effect against ankle diseases. However, not all pain is due to incorrect walking technique or malposition of the joints.
Especially in training phases with a high running load, overstrain symptoms often occur. The individual running style has become automated in the course of life and can only be corrected to a very limited extent. Due to anatomical conditions it is practically impossible for the runner to influence the foot attachment deliberately.
However, it is important to protect the joints, especially the foot and knee joints, as best as possible with individual insoles, so that running can still be done without problems even at an advanced age. Running on the front part of the foot (ball run) allows high running speeds and is therefore used for sprinting. The forefoot runner usually runs with the balls of his feet and toes.
The hardness of impact is significantly higher than the normal rolling motion of the foot, but the spring effect is increased by the cushioning of the calf muscles. When walking on the forefoot, there is increased stress on the twin calf muscle (M. gastrocnemius) and the Achilles tendon. Since the foot does not roll over the entire foot, the risk of overpronation is very low.
This running style is not suitable for continuous stress. Heel-to-toe running (foot attachment over the heel) is the most common form of running style and is used for longer endurance loads. The runner rests on the outer edge of the heel.
Since the spring effect of the muscles is less, the orthopedic load on the joints is higher than with a forefoot run. Modern running shoes compensate for this by providing increased cushioning in the heel area. A rolling motion over the midfoot results in a footprint of the soccer.
The rolling behavior normally involves a slight inward rotation (pronation) of the foot. This running style is a power-saving running style. With this running style, there is an attachment over the entire outer edge of the foot.
It is a kind of compromise between forefoot runner and heel runner. The rolling motion is lower compared to the heel runner. The impression is made from the ball of the foot. The risk of overpronation is particularly high, but the stress on the joints is lower than with the heelwalker.
