Sarcoidosis: Uses, Effects, Side Effects, Dosage, Interactions, Risks

In sarcoidosis (synonyms: Benign Schaumann lymphogranulomatosis; Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease; Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann syndrome; Besnier-Tennesson syndrome; Bilateral hilar lymphoma syndrome [Löfgren syndrome]; Boeck bone disease; Boeck lupoid; Boeck sarcoid; Darier-Roussy sarcoid; early onset sarcoidosis (EOS); Heerfordt disease; Heerfordt-Mylius disease; Heerfordt-Mylius syndrome; Heerfordt syndrome; Hutchinson-Boeck granulomatosis; Hutchinson-Boeck disease; Löfgren syndrome; pulmonary disease associated with sarcoidosis; lupus pernio; lymphogranulomatosis benigna; miliarlupoid Boeck; Möller-Boeck disease; Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease; Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease, lymphogranulomatosis benigna; Boeck disease; Schaumann disease; Schaumann-Besnier disease; neurosarcoidosis; ICD-10 D86. -) is a granulomatous inflammation. The main sites of manifestation are the lymph nodes of the lungs and the lung parenchyma, which are almost always affected (up to 95% of cases). Furthermore, the skin and eyes.

Acute sarcoidosis (Löfgren’s syndrome; about 10% of cases) can be distinguished from chronic sarcoidosis. To be distinguished from both forms is Early Onset Sarcoidosis (EOS), which occurs before the age of five.

According to the ICD-10, the following forms of sarcoidosis can be distinguished:

Other forms of sarcoidosis:

  • Heerfordt syndrome: symptom complex of undulating (undulating) fever, iridocyclitis, parotitis, and facial nerve palsy (facial paralysis).
  • Younger’s disease: bone sarcoidosis, with hypercalcemia (excess calcium) and ostitis cystoides multiplex (bones that are vesicularly transformed).

Sex ratio: acute sarcoidosis predominantly affects young women.

Frequency peak: the maximum incidence of sarcoidosis is between the 20th and 40th year of life.The prevalence (disease frequency) is 40-50/100,000 inhabitants in Western Europe.The incidence (frequency of new cases) is about 10 diseases per 100,000 inhabitants per year in Western Europe.

Sarcoidosis is higher in the black population in the United States and in Sweden and Iceland.

Course and prognosis:Acute sarcoidosis usually heals without sequelae.In chronic sarcoidosis, the spontaneous cure rate is between 70% (type I) and 20% (type III).Chronic pulmonary dysfunction occurs in approximately 20%.Neurosarcoidosis is found clinically in approximately 5% of cases. The most common presentation is ininnerval deficits (50-70%).

The lethality (mortality relative to the total number of people with the disease) is approximately 5%.