In scaphoid fracture (synonyms: Fracture of the Os scaphoideum of the hand; Scaphoid fracture; Scaphoid fracture of the hand ICD-10 S62.0: Fracture of the Os scaphoideum of the hand) is a fracture (broken bone) of the scaphoid bone (Os scaphoideum) of the hand. The Os scaphoideum is the largest of the proximal carpal bones. It gets its name from its shape, which resembles that of a boat.
The scaphoid fracture is the most common fracture of the carpus. It accounts for three-quarters of all carpal fractures.
Scaphoid fracture often occurs after a fall on the hyperextended hand. It mainly affects young and active men. One can distinguish high-energy trauma from low-energy trauma in young individuals (< 40 years). The latter occur preferentially in older individuals. Scaphoid fracture is a typical sports injury.
Scaphoid fracture can be classified according to its location:
- Proximal scaphoid – 32% of cases.
- Middle scaphoid portion – 62% of cases
- Distal scaphoid portion – 6% of cases
Sex ratio: males to females is 5: 1 (in the age group of 20 to 30 years).
Peak incidence: the disease occurs predominantly between the 2nd and 3rd decade of life.
The incidence (frequency of new cases) is approximately 153 scaphoid fractures per 100,000 per year for men between the ages of 20 and 29.
Course and prognosis: The course of scaphoid fracture depends on the location of the fracture (broken bone). The healing process may take 8-12 weeks. With early diagnosis of the fracture or any associated injuries and adequate therapy, a good functional outcome can usually be expected.
