Screening for Preeclampsia
There is currently no single and safe screening test for the detection of pre-eclampsia. However, in order to assess the risk of pre-eclampsia in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, tests can be performed and maternal risk factors can be assessed. 1st screening in the first trimester: In the first trimester of pregnancy, the risk can be determined with a very high probability by collecting important maternal risk factors, such as ethnicity, age, BMI and many more, in combination with further examinations.
In addition, important biochemical values such as the PAPP-A and PIGF values are determined. The measurement of mean arterial blood pressure as well as Doppler examinations of an important artery (arteria uterina) also serve to assess the risk. Only the compilation of all these examinations and values allows a relatively accurate estimation of the risk of pre-eclampsia.
2. screening in the second trimester: In the second trimester of pregnancy, an important quotient can also be determined if the risk is increased. This quotient is called sFlt-1/PIGF-quotient. In case of abnormalities, it is carried out in a Doppler examination of the vessels to enable a more precise diagnosis.The values determined for this quotient indicate important factors in the blood circulation of the placenta and fetus. A high quotient indicates an increased risk of preeclampsia. The editorial staff also recommends: Preventive examination during pregnancy
What are the signs of pre-eclampsia?
Basically, there are no signs, only symptoms of pre-eclampsia. Increased blood pressure can cause headaches, nausea or reduced well-being in the pregnant woman. However, elevated blood pressure is usually rather symptom-free, so that the pregnant woman does not necessarily have to notice anything.
A rapid weight gain due to water retention is possible. The weight gain occurs within a few hours up to one day. A decrease in urine excretion is also suspected of preeclampsia.
Shortness of breath may also be an indication of developing pre-eclampsia. The shortness of breath is caused by pulmonary oedema. In addition, a delay in child growth is a sign of pre-eclampsia.
Pain in the upper abdomen indicates a disturbance of liver function. Extreme caution is required in the case of dizziness, impaired vision or even seizures. Hospital care must be provided directly, as eclampsia may already be present. Eclampsia is a possible complication of pre-eclampsia and is accompanied by life-threatening seizures of the mother.
