Sodium Deficiency (Hyponatremia): Prevention

To prevent hyponatremia (sodium deficiency), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors.

Behavioral risk factors

  • Diet
    • Increased fluid intake (water intoxication).
    • Inadequate intake of sodium and table salt.
    • Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – sodium
  • Consumption of stimulants
    • Alcohol (in this case, elderly people with long-term malnutrition + more than five liters of beer every day → 4.5 percent of patients with hyponatremia and values below 135 mmol/l;1.3 percent) of patients showed severe hyponatremia (below 125 mmol/l), the lowest value was 104 mmol/l)