Products
Sorbitol is found alone or in combination with other active ingredients in various laxatives (e.g., Pursana). It is also marketed as an open product and as a solution.
Structure and properties
Sorbitol (C6H14O6, Mr = 182.2 g/mol) exists as D-sorbitol, a white crystalline powder with a sweet taste that is very soluble in water. The substance is hydrophilic and can be obtained from glucose. Sorbitol is also sold in the form of a solution (sorbitol solution 70%, non-crystallizing). It is an aqueous solution of a hydrogenated partial hydrolysate of starch (sorbitolum liquidum non cristallisabile). Sorbitol is a natural substance found in many fruits, such as rowan berries, and is one of the sugar alcohols.
Effects
Sorbitol (ATC A06AD18) has laxative properties. The stool-softening effect is due to its osmotic and water-binding properties. It is metabolized by the intestinal flora to organic acids. Sorbitol is absorbed to a small extent and converted to fructose in the liver.
Indications for use
For the treatment of constipation, in diseases in which stool softening is desired, and for bowel evacuation before diagnostic procedures. Sorbitol is also used in smaller amounts as a sweetener as well as an excipient. It is a common ingredient in sugar-free syrups.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. Sorbitol is used both perorally and rectally in the form of enemas. The solution should be administered either in the morning or in the evening.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Intestinal obstruction
- Appendix
- Abdominal pain of unknown cause
- Fructose intolerance
- Disturbances in the electrolyte and water balance
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Excessive use may result in hypokalemia, which leads to potentiation of the adverse effects of digitalis glycosides and antiarrhythmic agents.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include digestive disturbances such as flatulence, abdominal pain, cramps, and diarrhea (food intolerance). Excessive consumption of foods containing sorbitol may also cause diarrhea.
