For benign (benign) tumors, complete excision is the goal. For malignant (malignant) tumors, the goal is removal in healthy tissue with a safety margin.
The following forms of surgical therapy are available and are performed depending on the exact type of tumor.
- Biopsy (tissue removal) to clarify the dignity (biological behavior of tumors; that is, whether they are benign (benign) or malignant (malignant)).
- Embolization (artificial occlusion of blood vessels by administering, for example, liquid plastics, plastic beads, or fibrin sponges via a catheter) – procedure performed in the case of tumors with a large number of vessels (e.g., metastases from renal cell carcinoma), which is intended to reduce the risk of bleeding
- Microsurgical resection – attempt to remove tumors with mini-instruments to spare surrounding structures.
- Stabilization of the spine (instrumentation) – this is necessary when large portions of bone must be removed.
- In symptomatic metastases: dorsal spinal decompression and stabilization (= standard surgical procedure).
- In pathological fractures (bone fractures), stabilizing osteosynthesis procedures or the installation of tumor prostheses are used
- In vertebroplasty, bone cement (PMMA) is injected into the tumor-affected vertebral body to improve its stability and thus prevent (possibly further) sintering (which, however, is not always successful even with this technique)
- Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) is a minimally invasive medical procedure for the treatment of fractures of the vertebral bodies. Initially intended only to stabilize osteoporotic vertebral body fractures (sintered fracture), PV is also increasingly used, for example, for metastases (daughter tumors) in vertebral bodies. PV immediately relieves the pain of a vertebral fracture. Mobility is improved and the analgesic needs of patients are reduced.
Further notes
