Definition
The structuring of athletic performance is a very important part of training science. The goal is to find out which characteristics (partial performances, abilities, etc.) have an influence on the development of athletic performance.
For example, 100-meter sprint: What abilities/skills does an athlete need to have in order to achieve optimal performance in the 100-meter sprint. In addition to structuring, there are 2 further areas of responsibility in training science:
- Provision of meaningful/authentic control procedures (Which measurement procedures can be used to check characteristics? )
- Determination of standards of comparison (what abilities/skills should athletes of a certain group, e.g. 5th grade students, have? )
Introduction
The structuring of athletic performance can be seen as a kind of model building. A model is understood as a scaled-down copy of reality that refers to the essential aspects of the original. 3 types of models: 1. deterministic models allow a complete elucidation of sporting performance.
Thus differences in competition performance can be explained 100%. (Ex. 400 meter sprint: decomposition of the total time into 4 100 meter times) t400 = f(t1, t2, t3, t4) Complete variance elucidations are also possible in biomechanics.
Thus, the exact distance in shot put results from the take-off speed (V0), the take-off altitude (h0) and the take-off angle (?0) 2. Indeterministic models do not provide a 100% explanation of athletic performance. Thus, although the shot put distance results from the ability of the (maximum force, bounce force, sprint force, explosive force, etc.
), an exact determination of the competition performance is not possible. wKugel = f (MK,SK,EK etc.) 3. Combined models provide exact reconnaissance/variance elucidation at the highest level, but only incomplete variance elucidation at lower levels.
- Deterministic models
- Indeterministic models
- Combined models
Procedure for structuring
The structuring of athletic performance is built in three irreversible steps:
- Hierarchization according to characteristic groups
- Relationships of internal order
- Prioritization of the influencing variables
All articles in this series:
