Suicidality – colloquially called suicidal tendency – (synonyms: fatigue with life; suicidal tendency; suicidal risk; suicidal tendency; ICD-10 R45.-: other symptoms affecting mood) describes a mental state in which thoughts, fantasies, impulses, and actions are directed toward purposefully bringing about one’s own death.
The following are definitions of this topic from the current S2k guideline:
The term suicidality encompasses the entire range of suicidal ideation, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans, and suicidal attempts.
Suicide (synonyms: suicide; suicide) is the termination of one’s own life brought about by a person willingly and in awareness of the irreversibility of death.
Suicide attempt (synonyms: suicide attempt; attempted suicide; ICD-10 Z91.8: other specified risk factors in self-history, not elsewhere classified) is described as any self-initiated sequence of behavior by an individual who, at the time the action begins, expects that the actions taken will result in death.
A suicide plan (synonyms: suicide plan; suicide plan) is when a specific method is formulated by which the individual plans to exit life.
Gender ratio: suicide attempts are made more often by women than by men.The suicide rate is three times higher for men than for women. In Russia, it is even five times higher for men. The reason for this is the choice of method; it is usually more violent.
An estimated 1.4% of all deaths are caused by suicide. Among adolescents and young adults, suicides are the second most common cause of death, and in some countries the most common.
Suicide rates increase with age. Widowed people and patients with severe chronic diseases have a high proportion of the suicide rate.
The following sub-topics describe which persons are at particular risk of suicide and how suicide prevention should be targeted.
Prognosis: Individuals who have attempted suicide have a 10 to 30 times higher risk of subsequent suicide compared to the normal population. After a suicide attempt, a new suicide attempt occurs in 20-40% of cases.
