Summary
House dust allergies occur very frequently. They are triggered on the one hand by the smallest dust particles that are present in the ambient air and are inhaled unconsciously, and on the other hand by house dust mites that are found in upholstery and in beds. Faeces produced by them are thrown into the air and can be inhaled.
An immunological reaction occurs in the body, which leads to the formation and release of histamine over several intermediate steps. Histamine leads to a contraction of the bronchial tubes, which can result in shortness of breath. In addition, the blood vessels are dilated, which results in an increased flow of blood and leads to classic reddening of the skin.It may also cause severe itching of the skin or the conjunctiva of the eyes.
Furthermore, the mucous membranes of the nose swell, which results in a beginning runny nose. The therapy depends on the symptoms on the one hand and on the severity of the problem on the other. Local redness of the skin can be treated with ointments.
Systemic problems, such as heavy eye tears and skin redness should be treated with tablets from the antihistamine group. If respiratory and air problems are added, cortisone should always be used. This can be administered to the patient either by tablet or as an infusion.
It is important to monitor the patient accordingly. Medications such as Fenistil and Ranitidine can also be given. If life-threatening conditions arise, the administration of adrenaline should be considered. In more harmless cases, hyposensitization can be attempted.
