A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps:
- General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore:
- Inspection (viewing).
- Skin and mucous membranes [Klinefelter syndrome: reduced hairiness, female fat distribution].
- Body proportions [Marfan syndrome: long limbs, fingers and toes?]
- Inspection and palpation (palpation) of the mammae (mammary glands) [Klinefelter syndrome: gynecomastia?; girl/woman: see under “Pubertal development according to Tanner”]
- Inspection and palpation of the abdomen (belly), inguinal region (groin region), etc.
- Inspection and palpation of the genitals (penis and scrotum (scrotum); assessment of pubescence (pubic hair), penis (penis length: in the flaccid state between 7-10 cm; presence of: Indurations (tissue hardening), anomalies, phimosis / foreskin constriction?) and testicular position and size (if necessary by orchimeter) [hypogonadism: small testicles?].
- Inspection (viewing).
- If necessary, gynecological examination
