Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Test and Diagnosis

Orchitis usually presents with a typical clinical picture.

Often, orchitis is present in combination with epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis) and is then called epididymoorchitis.

1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests.

  • Urine status (rapid test for: pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, glucose blood), sediment.
  • Urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram, that is, testing of suitable antibiotics for sensitivity / resistance); collection by midstream urine.[acute epididymitis: Enterobacterales; in sexual genesis Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae].
  • Bacteriology (cultural): ejaculate for pathogens (aerobic u. anaerobic) and resistance, (if necessary, incl. Gonococci and Chlamydia (special smear material), possibly also for mycobacteria).
  • Polymerase chain reaction from first stream urine – for testing for sexually transmitted infections.

2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.

  • Mumps antibody detection
  • Syphilis serology (lues), if necessary.
  • If necessary, differentiated serology (eg, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae).
  • If necessary, molecular biological diagnostics for pathogen detection.
  • Testicular biopsy (tissue sampling from the testis) – for diagnosis in asymptomatic inflammatory processes; infertility (specific markers for non-invasive diagnostics are not yet available).