Obligatory medical device diagnostics.
- Scrotal sonography (ultrasound examination of the scrotal organs/testis and epididymis and their vascular supply) using Doppler sonography (special ultrasound examination measuring the flow velocity of blood in the vessels (arteries and veins)) [if testicular torsion is suspected, see under medical device diagnostics/testicular torsion]
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the medical history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics and mandatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest).
- Computed tomography of the abdomen (abdominal CT)/pelvis (pelvic CT) – for further diagnosis or if a malignant neoplasm is suspected.
