The antibiotic tetracycline belongs to the group of tetracyclines. Doxycycline and minocycline can also be included in this group. Particularly within the ambulatory range these antibiotics are given gladly.
Effect
Tetracyclines inhibit the protein biosynthesis of bacteria and thus have a growth-inhibiting effect (bacteriostatic). The mechanism is relatively well researched today. It is assumed that tetracyclines bind to the so-called 30 S subunit of the 70 S ribosomes and thus inhibit the chain lengthening of proteins.
Fields of application
Pathogen spectrum of tetracycline are Chlamydia psittaci, C. trachomatis and mycoplasma. It is also used in the treatment of Lyme disease and in the prophylaxis of malaria.
Side effects
Complaints of the gastrointestinal tract and damage to the mucous membranes are observed quite frequently. In rare cases, this can lead to so-called pseudomembranous colitis, which must then be treated separately. Tetracyclines penetrate into teeth and bones and can be deposited there.
The reason is the ability to form a complex with calcium. The deposition in bones and teeth is irreversible and can thus lead to growth disorders of the bones and yellowing and enamel defects in the teeth. Under the therapy with tetracyclines one should avoid the sun, because relatively often an increased light sensitivity with skin reactions (photodermatosis) can be observed. Tetracyclines have a kidney and liver damaging effect, can cause increased pressure in the skull as well as dizziness and gait and standing insecurities.
Contraindications
Tetracyclines should not be given during pregnancy or in children under the age of eight years or in combination with milk, iron and drugs of the substance group antacids.
