The side effects of SGLT2 inhibitor | SGLT 2 inhibitors

The side effects of SGLT2 inhibitor

The most common side effect is severe hypoglycaemia, which occurs particularly often when insulin or other antidiabetics are also used. This affects more than 10 percent of all users and is thus one of the very frequent side effects. Genital infections and urinary tract infections occur frequently, i.e. in one to ten percent of those affected, because the increased sugar content in the urine is a nutrient for pathogens.

Dizziness and skin rashes, as well as more frequent urination and back pain are also among the most common side effects. About one percent of those taking the drug experience frequent nocturnal urination, itching in the genital area, kidney dysfunction, fungal infections, volume deficiency with low blood pressure, thirst and constipation. In rare cases diabetic ketoacidosis has been reported.

This is a hyperacidity of the blood due to the breakdown of certain energy reserves of the body. The frequency of necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum is not known. This is a bacterial infection in the groin region that is often fatal.

Side effects are always only statistical possibilities and do not mean that everyone who takes SGLT2 inhibitors develops them. In case of side effects, alternatives should be discussed with the treating physician. SGLT2 inhibitors have a direct effect on the very complex transporter system of the kidney and can therefore also cause side effects there.

Taking SGLT-2 inhibitors can cause renal dysfunction in some patients. Initially, these are only noticeable in the laboratory as the creatinine level rises. In rare cases, the intake may lead to kidney failure.When therapy is discontinued, the disorders are in most cases completely regressed.

When should SGLT 2 inhibitors not be taken?

An absolute exclusion criterion for SGLT2 inhibitors is only hypersensitivity to one of the components. SGLT2 inhibitors lose their efficacy if renal function is significantly impaired, as this is directly dependent on the transport functions of the kidneys. In case of frequent volume deficiency or the intake of loop diuretics, we advise against taking them.

Diuretics are a class of drugs used to treat tissue water retention or high blood pressure. If diabetic ketoacidosis occurs, the intake should be discontinued. Since the tablets contain lactose, patients with galactose intolerance should not take them.