Therapy
If a thrombosis has been detected, its resolution has top priority. The so-called thrombolysis should take place as soon as possible after the blood clot has formed. Anticoagulant drugs such as heparin and Factor Xa inhibitors are used to dissolve the blood clot.
The risk of complications is particularly high in the first three to six months after the occurrence of thrombosis. The vitamin K antagonist Marcumar® and the wearing of compression stockings are used for prophylaxis. Regular medical check-ups should be carried out. Surgical therapy is only appropriate in rare cases.
Prognosis
The prognosis of a thrombosis detected and treated in time is good with appropriate therapy and prophylaxis. The risk of varicose veins, postthrombotic syndrome and life-threatening pulmonary embolism increases the later the thrombosis is detected. After a thrombosis event, the risk of a blood clot occurring again is increased. This is especially true for men.
Prophylaxis
The development of thrombosis can be prevented in various ways. A lot of exercise, a sufficient amount of 1.5-2 liters of drinking water per day and wearing thrombosis stockings after surgery and childbirth have a positive influence. One should avoid prolonged immobilization, the combination of smoking and taking contraceptives (“pill”) and overweight.
Heparin and acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin®) are used for short-term thrombosis prophylaxis, for example after surgery. In the long term, anticoagulants such as the oral anticoagulant Marcumar® are prescribed.
