Therapy
The mildest form of pregnancy poisoning, pregnancy-induced hypertension (SIH), should only be treated with medication if the blood pressure is above 160/110 mmHg. The drug of choice here would be alpha-methydopa in tablet form, alternatively with nifedipine or urapidil. However, the most important thing here is to avoid stress, as well as sufficient exercise and a balanced, protein-rich diet.
Pre-eclampsia should always be admitted to hospital with bed rest, controlled drug therapy to lower blood pressure and careful flushing of the edema. If preterm birth is imminent, the child should be given a lung maturation procedure. In the case of a severe form of pre-eclampsia, admission and monitoring is carried out in intensive care, with continuous CTG and thrombosis prophylaxis. Depending on the condition of the mother, the fastest possible delivery of the child should be considered, in case of emergency also in case of infantile immaturity, because the only causal treatment of pregnancy poisoning is termination of pregnancy.
Complications and consequences
The consequences of any pregnancy poisoning can be eclampsia, which is accompanied by life-threatening seizures, up to unconsciousness and coma, and can lead to blindness, heart and kidney failure, and ultimately to the death of the mother and child. The mortality rate is between 8-27%.Another consequence of pregnancy poisoning can be HELLP syndrome, which can lead to life-threatening blood coagulation disorders, particularly in the form of consumption coagulopathy, which can lead to multiorgan failure and life-threatening bleeding.
Prognosis and danger
Pregnancy poisoning is one of the most common causes of death for mother and child during pregnancy. The risk of maternal mortality is about 8-27% in the case of full-term eclampsia, while in the case of full-term HELLP syndrome the risk of child mortality is about 30%. However, if the disease is detected and treated in time, the prognosis is very favorable.
Prevention and Prevention
The most important things to prevent pregnancy poisoning are regular prenatal examinations, routine checks of urine and blood pressure. In addition, pregnant women should also pay attention to whether water accumulates in their legs, hands or face. If your legs are swollen, it often helps to keep your legs high and move around enough to improve circulation.
If there is no improvement, it is important to see your doctor immediately. A balanced and healthy diet is also important. Especially pregnant women, who are at risk of pregnancy poisoning, should make sure that they eat enough protein.
Protein-containing foods are for example cheese, milk, meat, fish and nuts. Another important measure to avoid high blood pressure is to avoid stress and relax sufficiently.
