The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by hypernatremia (excess sodium):
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema (accumulation of water in the lungs).
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Serum hyperosmolarity – increased osmotic pressure in the blood.
- Volume deficiency
Circulatory system (I00-I99)
- Intracranial hemorrhage (cerebral hemorrhage) – major complication of acute hypernatremia.
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Epilepsy (seizures)
- Cerebral edema (brain swelling) – major complications of chronic hypernatremia when adapted electrolyte imbalance is compensated too quickly.
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Cephalgia (headache)
- Hypertonicity – activity of a muscle in excess of physiological levels.
- Coma – refers to severe profound unconsciousness characterized by the absence of response to responding
- Edema (water retention), peripheral.
- Oliguria (decreased urine volume with a daily maximum of 500 ml).
- Polydipsia – (pathological) increased feeling of thirst that is associated with excessive fluid intake by drinking.
- Somnolence – refers to drowsiness with abnormal sleepiness; it characterizes the mildest form of reduction of consciousness.
- Xeroderma (dry skin).
