Traditionally and to this day, milk thistle is used as a medicinal plant and is not suitable as a food. As a tea, dry extract, or powder, it is used for diseases of the liver, gallbladder, and spleen. In Europe, silymarin is available in both medicinal products and dietary supplements in the form of tea, … Silymarin (Milk Thistle Fruit Extract): Food Products
The following are active substances (micronutrients) that also perform important tasks in the body: In addition to macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and the well-known vital substances – vitamins, minerals, trace elements, essential fatty acids, essential amino acids, and bioactive substances – there are numerous compounds in foods that also perform important vitamin-like functions in the … Other Vital Substances
Sleepberry (Withania somnifera) is a commonly used medicinal plant in India and belongs to the nightshade family (Solanaceae). The plant, which has been used for 3,000 years, is also known as ashwagandha, winter cherry or Indian ginseng. The herbaceous plant prefers dry, stony soil with sun to partial shade and can reach a height of … Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Definition
In Ayurvedic medicine, the sleep berry is very often used due to its diverse effectiveness. Traditionally, mainly the leaves and roots of the medicinal plant are used with the aim of promoting calmness and clarity of mind, as well as rebalancing body and mind. According to this, the sleeping berry is said to have memory-enhancing, … Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Functions
Because sleepberry has been used as a medicinal plant in Ayurvedic medicine for more than 3,000 years, serious toxicity is very unlikely. Low dosages were mostly used in this context. But also in the context of clinical intervention studies, no side effects have occurred and the extracts from leaves and roots used were well tolerated … Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Safety Assessment
In the root of the sleeping berry, approximately 1.33% of withanolides and 0.13%-0.31% of alkaloids are present. In comparison, in the leaves, the concentrations of withanolides and alkaloids are increased by 1.8 times and 2.6 times, respectively.The extracts used in dietary supplements are usually standardized to 1.5% withanolides . The German Federal Institute for Risk … Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Supply Situation
Silymarin is a fruit extract and comes from milk thistle (Silybum marianum). This medicinal plant belongs to the composite family (Asteraceae), subfamily Carduoideae. With a stem height of 20 cm to 150 cm, the annual to biennial herb is easily recognizable by its white-green marbled leaves and purple flower. Milk thistle grows preferentially on dry, … Silymarin (Milk Thistle Fruit Extract): Definition, Metabolism, Bioavailability
The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has conducted a risk assessment for Rhodiola rosea and concluded that there is no hazard potential at daily doses of 100-1,800 mg of rose root (mostly as root extract) Rose root contains, among other substances, the cyanogenic glycoside lotaustralin. When the plant is injured, cyanides (salts of … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Safety Assessment
Phospholipids, also called phosphatides, are present in every cell of the human body and belong to the membrane lipid family. They form the main component of the lipid bilayer of a biomembrane, such as the cell membrane. In the myelin membrane of Schwann’s cells, which surround the axons of nerve cells, the phospholipid content is … Phospholipids
Various definitions currently exist for the term probiotics (Greek pro bios – for life). According to the definition by Fuller 1989, a probiotic is “a preparation of living microorganisms which, after oral application, influences the ratio of intestinal germs in such a way that positive effects on the organism result.” At the European level, the … Probiotics: Definition, Transport and Distribution
With the experimental and clinical studies currently available, it can be demonstrated that probiotics are capable of the following beneficial effects: Promotion or maintenance of optimal intestinal flora. Prevention of colonization of pathogenic germs in the intestine and the passage of pathogenic bacteria through the intestinal wall (translocation). Formation of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, … Probiotics: Functions
Several studies examined the intake of high doses of probiotics over a long period of time. To date, no side effects have been identified with probiotic ingestion. Even at doses equivalent to 1,000 times the normal intake, no associations between infections that occurred and probiotic intake were identified. The Federal Institute for Consumer Health Protection … Probiotics: Safety Assessment
