Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide represents an important coenzyme in the context of energy metabolism. It is derived from niacin (vitamin B3, nicotinic acid amide). Deficiency of vitamin B3 results in the symptoms of pellagra. What is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide? Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a coenzyme that transfers a hydride ion (H-) as part of energy metabolism. … Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide: Function & Diseases
Fascins represent small and extremely compact protein molecules that interact with actin filaments. In doing so, they bundle the actin chains, preventing their further cross-linking. Fascins further serve as markers in cancer diagnosis. What is fascin? Fascins are proteins that regulate the activity of actin filaments. Their role is to package actin filaments so that … Fascin: Function & Diseases
Adenylyl cyclases belong to the lyases as a class of enzymes. Their function is to catalyze cyclic cAMP by cleaving P-O bonds from ATP. In doing so, they trigger a signaling cascade that is responsible for many different processes in the organism. What is an adenylyl cyclase? Adenylyl cyclases mediate effects of hormones or other … Adenylyl Cyclases: Function & Diseases
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a membrane system of tubes located in the sarcoplasm of muscle fibers. It assists in the transport of substances within the cell and stores calcium ions, the release of which leads to muscle contraction. In various muscle diseases, this task performance is impaired, for example, in malignant hyperthermia or myofascial pain … Sarcoplasmic Reticulum: Structure, Function & Diseases
The cytoskeleton consists of a dynamically variable network of three different protein filaments in the cytoplasm of cells. They provide structure, strength, and intrinsic mobility (motility) to the cell and to organizational intracellular entities such as organelles and vesicles. In some cases, the filaments project out of the cell in the form of cilia or … Cytoskeleton: Structure, Function & Diseases
Myosin belongs to the motor proteins and is responsible, among other things, for the processes involved in muscle contraction. There are several types of myosins, all of which participate in transport processes of cell organelles or in displacements within the cytoskeleton. Structural abnormalities in the molecular structure of myosin can be causes of muscle diseases … Myosin: Function & Diseases
Hypoxanthine is a purine envriate and is found in bound form as a nucleobase and in free form, such as in urine. It is equally present in glands and bone marrow. As a deamination product of adenine, hypoxanthine is oxidized to uric acid and xanthine. Less commonly, it forms a backbone of nucleic acids. What … Hypoxanthine-guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase: Function & Diseases
Glycogen consists of glucose units and is a polysaccharide. In the human organism, it serves to provide and store glucose. The buildup of glycogen is called glycogen synthesis, and the breakdown is called glycogenolysis. What is glycogen? Glycogen is made up of something called glycogenin, a central protein to which thousands of glucose molecules are … Glycogen: Function & Diseases
Introduction Creatine kinase is an enzyme that ensures that the cells have sufficient energy available through a biochemical reaction. It is found in the muscle cells and in the brain and is always released by the body when the muscle tissue is damaged due to illness or stress. This can be the case during sports … The Creatine Kinase
Values on creatine kinase The creatine kinase values tell us how high the concentration of the enzyme is in the blood serum. However, it is not the absolute concentration that is measured, but the activity of the enzyme. This is calculated by the amount of converted substrate per minute. The result is given in units … Values on creatine kinase | The Creatine Kinase
Creatine kinase in sports The enzyme creatine kinase is always released by the body when muscle tissue is damaged. This is the case with oxygen deficiency, overloading or injuries. Consequently, the creatine kinase level can also increase through physical activity. This process is purely physiological and has no disease value – even if the values … Creatine kinase in sports | The Creatine Kinase
Introduction Creatine is a substance that occurs naturally in the body and regulates the supply of energy to the muscles. Especially in muscle building and endurance sports, creatine is used as a supplement to increase performance and speed up muscle building. Although creatine has been used in this context for many years and is not … How useful is creatine?
