Cough syrup as an intoxicant Many antirritant cough syrups contain active ingredients that are psychoactive in high doses and can be abused as intoxicants. Substances include, for example: Opioids such as codeine, dihydrocodeine and ethylmorphine. NMDA antagonists: dextromethorphan Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and oxomemazine. Phenothiazines: promethazine (out of commerce). Such drugs are unlike other drugs … Misuse of Cough Syrup
Products Antitussives are commercially available in the form of tablets, capsules, as cough syrups, and drops, among others. Structure and properties Antitussives do not have a uniform chemical structure. However, many are derived from natural opium alkaloids (opioids). Effects Antitussives have cough-irritating (antitussive) properties. They reduce the frequency and intensity of coughing attacks. Their effects … Antitussives
Products Dietary supplements are commercially available in dosed form, for example, as tablets, capsules, liquids and as powders, and are labeled accordingly on the packaging. They are sold not only in pharmacies and drugstores, but also without advice in supermarkets or online stores. Definition Dietary supplements are regulated by law in many countries by the … Dietary Supplements
Symptoms Coughing is a physiologic defense response used to clear foreign bodies, microorganisms, and mucus from the respiratory tract. An acute cough lasts up to three weeks and a subacute cough lasts up to eight weeks. After eight weeks, it is referred to as a chronic cough (Irwin et al., 2000). A distinction is also … Cough Causes and Remedies
Products Cough syrups are commercially available from numerous suppliers. Typical categories include herbal, “chemical” (containing synthetic active ingredients), cough-irritant, and expectorant. They are sold in pharmacies and drugstores, among other places. Cough syrup can also be prepared by the patient. For example, vegetable extracts (see below), honey, sugar and drinking water can be used. Homemade … Cough Syrups
Definition Volume is the three-dimensional space occupied by a given amount of matter. According to the SI international system of units, the unit of measurement used is the cubic meter, which is a cube with an edge length of one meter. In practice, however, the liter (L, l) is much more common, especially for liquids. … Volume
Products Expectorants are commercially available in the form of cough syrups, drops, tablets, powders, granules, pastilles, and lozenges, among others. Structure and properties Natural (herbal), semisynthetic, and synthetic agents are used. Effects Expectorants liquefy and loosen tough mucus in the respiratory tract and promote expectoration. Mucolytic: liquefy bronchial mucus. Secretolytic: promotes production of a thin … Expectorant
Products Among the most commonly used pharmaceutical syrups are the cough syrups that relieve cough irritation or expectorant. In addition, however, many other drugs are available as syrups, including analgesics, laxatives, antibiotics and other anti-infectives, vitamins, minerals and trace elements, tonics (tonics), antiepileptics, and beta2-sympathomimetics. Some syrups, such as those containing herbal extracts, can also … Syrups
