How budesonide works As a glucocorticoid, the active ingredient budesonide has an anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and suppressive effect on the immune system (immunosuppressive). It is related to the body’s own stress hormone cortisol, which is also colloquially called cortisone (but “cortisone” actually stands for the inactivated form of the hormone). The active ingredient budesonide is designed … Budesonide: Effects, Applications, Side Effects
Products Infliximab is commercially available as a powder for a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Remicade, biosimilars: Remsima, Inflectra). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Biosimilars were released in 2015. Structure and properties Infliximab is a chimeric human murine IgG1κ monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 149.1 kDa … Infliximab: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Sulfasalazine is commercially available as tablets and as dragées with an enteric coating (salazopyrin, salazopyrin EN, some countries: azulfidine, azulfidine EN, or RA). It has been approved in many countries since 1950. EN stands for enteric coated and RA for Rheumatoid Arthritis. EN dragées have a coating to prevent irritation and improve gastric tolerance. … Sulfasalazine: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Darvadstrocel was approved in the EU and many countries in 2018 in the form of an injection suspension (Alofisel). The suspension contains 5 million live cells per milliliter. Structure and properties These are expanded, human, allogeneic (from another individual), mesenchymal, adult stem cells derived from adipose tissue. In English, they are referred to as … Darvadstrocel
Products Vedolizumab was approved in many countries in 2015 as a powder for a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Entyvio). In 2020, a prefilled pen and prefilled syringe were also registered. Structure and properties Vedolizumab is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 147 kDa. Effects Vedolizumab (ATC L04AA33) … Vedolizumab
Products Brodalumab was approved in Japan in 2016 (Lumicef) and in the United States and EU in 2017 as a solution for injection (Siliq, Kyntheum). Structure and properties Brodalumab is an IgG2κ monoclonal antibody with a molecular weight of 144 kDa, consisting of 1312 amino acids. It is produced by biotechnological methods. Effects Brodalumab (ATC … Brodalumab
More than 400,000 people in Germany suffer from chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CED), which includes Crohn’s disease. In this disease, the immune system attacks the patient’s own digestive tract, causing inflammation in the stomach and intestines. Crohn’s disease progresses in episodes and is not yet curable. Are there any special features that Crohn’s disease sufferers … Crohn’s Disease: Nutrition Guidelines
Products Natalizumab is commercially available as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Tysabri). It has been approved in many countries since 2007. Structure and properties Natalizumab is a recombinant and humanized IgG4ϰ antibody produced in mouse cells that binds to α4-integrins. Effects Natalizumab (ATC L04AA23) has selective immunosuppressive properties. The effects are … Natalizumab
Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease. This was named after its discoverer (Burrill Bernard Crohn). Crohn’s disease can occur in the entire digestive tract (from the mouth to the anus) at several sites at the same time (discontinuous), but preferentially in the terminal region of the small intestine (= terminal ileum, hence ileitis terminalis) … Crohn’s Disease Symptoms
Symptoms Anal fissure is a tear or cut in the skin of the anal canal. This results in severe pain that occurs during and up to several hours after defecation. It may radiate locally and be accompanied by an uncomfortable itching sensation. Fresh blood can often be seen on toilet paper or stool. Causes Possible … Anal Fissure: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Causes and Treatment
Products Methotrexate is commercially available as a solution for parenteral use and in tablet form. See also under methotrexate prefilled syringe (low-dose). Structure and properties Methotrexate (C20H22N8O5, Mr = 454.44 g/mol) is a dicarboxylic acid that exists as a yellow to orange crystalline powder that is virtually insoluble in water. Methotrexate was developed as a … Methotrexate: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Mesalazine is commercially available as film-coated tablets, enteric-coated sustained-release tablets, granules, sustained-release granules, clysms, and suppositories (e.g., Asacol, Mezavant, Pentasa, Salofalk). It has been approved in many countries since 1984. Structure and properties Mesalazine (C7H7NO3, Mr = 153.1 g/mol) corresponds to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). The active ingredient exists as powders or crystals that are … Mesalazine
