Gelatin

Products Gelatin is available as a pure substance in grocery stores and in pharmacies or drugstores. It is found in many processed foods, pharmaceuticals, and sweets, among other products. Structure and properties Gelatin is a purified mixture of proteins obtained by either partial acid, alkaline, or enzymatic hydrolysis of collagen. Hydrolysis results in gelling and … Gelatin

Folic Acid: Health Benefits

Products Folic acid is commercially available in many countries as a monopreparation in the form of tablets. It is marketed both as a drug and as a dietary supplement. It is further available in combined vitamin and mineral preparations. The name folic acid is derived from lat. , the leaf. Folic acid was first isolated … Folic Acid: Health Benefits

Insulin Degludec

Products Insulin degludec is commercially available as a solution for injection (Tresiba). It is also combined fixed with insulin aspart (Ryzodeg, see under IDegAsp). It was newly approved in many countries in March 2013. In 2014, a fixed combination with liraglutide was registered (Xultophy); see under IDegLira. Structure and properties Insulin degludec has essentially the … Insulin Degludec

Insulin Glulisine

Products Insulin glulisine is commercially available as an injectable and is usually administered with an insulin pen (Apidra). It has been approved in many countries since 2005. The brand name Apidra is derived from English (fast), and the active ingredient name glulisine is derived from the exchanged amino acids glutamic acid and lysine. Structure and … Insulin Glulisine

Glatiramer Acetate

Products Glatiramer acetate is commercially available as a solution for injection (Copaxone). It has been approved in many countries since 2004. Generic products were registered in 2015. Structure and properties Glatiramer acetate is the acetate salt of a synthetic polypeptide of the four natural amino acids glutamic acid, alanine, tyrosine, and lysine. The average molecular … Glatiramer Acetate

Tetrahydrofolic Acid: Function & Diseases

Tetrahydrofolic acid plays an important role in the transfer of carbon as coenzyme F in the organism. It is synthesized from folic acid (vitamin B9). Deficiency of THF triggers, among other things, macrocytic anemia, the form triggered by vitamin B12 deficiency being called pernicious anemia. What is tetrahydrofolic acid? Tetrahydrofolic acid functions as an important … Tetrahydrofolic Acid: Function & Diseases

Vemurafenib

Products Vemurafenib was approved in 2011 in film-coated tablet form (Zelboraf). Structure and properties Vemurafenib (C23H18ClF2N3O3S, Mr = 489.9 g/mol) is a white, crystalline substance that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Vemurafenib (ATC L01XE15) has antitumor and antiproliferative properties. It reduces mortality and increases survival. The properties are based on inhibition of the mutant … Vemurafenib

Dabrafenib

Products Dabrafenib was approved in the US and EU in 2013 and in many countries in 2014 in hard capsule form (Tafinlar). Structure and properties Dabrafenib (C23H20F3N5O2S2, Mr = 519.6 g/mol) is present in drugs as dabrafenib mesilate, a white to slightly colored powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a thiazole and … Dabrafenib

Amino Acids

Products Some preparations containing amino acids are approved as medicinal products. These include, for example, methionine tablets or infusion preparations for parenteral nutrition. Amino acids are also marketed as dietary supplements, such as lysine, arginine, glutamine, and cysteine tablets. Protein powders such as whey protein can also be counted as amino acid supplements. Amino acids … Amino Acids

Proline: Function & Diseases

Proline is an amino acid. The human organism is able to produce proline based on glutamic acid. It is a non-essential amino acid. What is proline? Proline belongs to the non-essential, secondary amino acids or imino acids in the human organism, as it can produce proline independently. Nevertheless, prolonged and chronic diseases, as well as … Proline: Function & Diseases

Alanine: Function & Diseases

Alanine is a nonessential proteinogenic amino acid that serves as a building block for the synthesis of proteins. It is a chiral compound, and only the L form can be incorporated into proteins. In this context, alanine acts as a link between amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. What is alanine? Alanine represents a proteinogenic amino … Alanine: Function & Diseases

Monosodium Glutamate: Function & Diseases

For about 30 years, monosodium glutamate has been repeatedly criticized. It is contained as a flavor enhancer in many dishes and is suspected of promoting nervous diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. What is monosodium glutamate? Monosodium glutamate or sodium glutamate (MSG) is the scientific name for the sodium salt of glutamic acid, which is … Monosodium Glutamate: Function & Diseases