Heroin

Presumably, the history of the opium poppy as a remedy and intoxicant drug goes back a very long time. As early as 4,000 BC, the Sumerians and Egyptians are said to have used the healing and intoxicating effects of the plant. In 1898, it was produced on a large scale and marketed as a painkiller … Heroin

Narcotics Effects and Side Effects

Products The narcotics are a group of centrally acting drugs and substances, which are strongly regulated and controlled by the state respectively by the drug and health authorities. This is primarily to prevent abuse and to protect the population from the undesirable effects and addiction. Certain narcotics – for example, many potent hallucinogens – are … Narcotics Effects and Side Effects

Opium Poppy

Products Medicinal products containing preparations of opium, such as the opium tincture or an opium extract, are used less frequently. In contrast, the pure alkaloids such as morphine and codeine and related opioids are very commonly used medicinally, especially in pain management. Opium and the opioids are subject to narcotics laws. Stem plant The opium … Opium Poppy

Nyaope

Products Nyaope is illegally traded and consumed in South Africa. Structure and properties Nyaope consists of cheap heroin mixed or cut with other psychoactive substances, drugs, and technical substances. These include, for example, amphetamines, local anesthetics, HIV drugs, dextromethorphan, rat poison, and swimming pool cleaner. Abuse As a euphoric intoxicant. Dosage Nyaope is usually smoked … Nyaope

Acetic Anhydride

Products Acetic anhydride is available in specialized stores. Structure and properties Acetic anhydride (C4H6O3, Mr = 102.09 g/mol) is the condensation product of two acetic acid molecules. It exists as a colorless liquid with a pungent odor of acetic acid. This is a result of hydrolysis with water: C4H6O3 (acetic anhydride) + H2O (water) 2 … Acetic Anhydride

Ester

Definition Esters are organic compounds formed by the reaction of an alcohol or phenol and an acid such as a carboxylic acid. The condensation reaction releases a water molecule. The general formula of esters is: esters can also be formed with thiols (thioesters), with other organic acids, and with inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid … Ester

Anthrax Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Symptoms Depending on the organs affected, the following clinical pictures are distinguished: Cutaneous anthrax Pulmonary anthrax Gastrointestinal anthrax Injection anthrax is observed when contaminated illicit heroin is injected intravenously. Typical symptoms of anthrax include fever, aching limbs, headache, sweating, chills and edema. Anthrax can lead to blood poisoning, meningitis, and organ failure, among other symptoms, … Anthrax Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Nicomorphine

Products Nicomorphine was commercially available in the form of tablets, suppositories, and as a solution for injection (Vilan). It had been approved in many countries since 1957. It was discontinued in 2015. Structure and properties Nicomorphine (C29H25N3O5, Mr = 495.5 g/mol), like heroin, is an ester as well as a nicotinic acid derivative of morphine … Nicomorphine

Narcotic

Narcotics (e.g. opioids used in doping) are primarily understood to be the active substance group of morphine and its chemical relatives. These substances primarily have analgesic and euphoric effects. These two factors mean that pain arising in the musculoskeletal system can be better tolerated under maximum stress. However, the body’s own pain signals are important … Narcotic

Intravenous Injection

Definition In an intravenous injection, a small volume of a drug is administered into a vein using a needle and syringe. The active ingredients disperse into the bloodstream and reach their site of action. For repeated administration, venous access is established with a peripheral venous catheter. Larger volumes can be infused during an intravenous infusion. … Intravenous Injection