Brief overview What is sputum? Secretion from the airways when coughing What does sputum look like? e.g. white or colorless and clear (e.g. in COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis), yellow-greenish and cloudy (e.g. in purulent angina, scarlet fever, pneumonia), brownish to black (e.g. in smokers) or bloody (e.g. in lung cancer). Cause: Natural cleansing process of … Sputum: Description, Appearance, Types
Brief overview What is hypercapnia? Accumulation of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. It can occur acutely or develop slowly. Causes: e.g. insufficient ventilation of the lungs (for example in COPD and other lung diseases), increased CO2 production in the body (for example in hyperthyroidism), metabolic alkalosis (for example as a result of potassium deficiency), … What is hypercapnia?
Brief overview Description: Airborne infection with germs (e.g. bacteria, viruses) by small droplets of secretion or microparticles (aerosols) containing the pathogens. Transmission route: pathogens enter the air through small droplets when sneezing, coughing, or talking; another person either inhales them or the droplets land directly on mucous membranes (e.g., throat, nose, eyes). Diseases: Diseases that … Droplet Infection
The term hydrotherapy covers all healing treatments related to water. The healing effect is based either on the specific mineral composition of the water or on the temperature differences during an application. As the elixir of life, water is an extremely versatile healing agent. What is hydrotherapy? The term hydrotherapy includes all healing treatments related … Hydrotherapy: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Aclidinium bromide is one of the anticholinergics. It is used to treat adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The drug comes as a powder for inhalation. What is aclidinium bromide? Aclidinium bromide is one of the anticholinergics. It is used to treat adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The active ingredient aclidinium bromide … Aclidinium Bromide: Effects, Uses & Risks
The bacterial genus Actinobacillus belongs to the Proteobacteria division and the Pasteurellaceae family. There is a name relationship with actinomycetes because the genus is often involved in actinomycosis as an opportunistic pathogen. What is actinobacillus? Bacterial species of the genus Actinobacillus have a slender and sometimes oval shape. They do not have flagella and are … Actinobacillus: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
The cervical vertebrae are different from the other vertebrae in the human body: because this area of the spine must meet special requirements, the design of some cervical vertebrae is also special – among the vertebrae of the cervical spine are truly unique. The cervical spine is very mobile, but also sensitive. External influences can … Cervical Vertebrae: Structure, Function & Diseases
Amikacin is used as an antibiotic against various diseases of the respiratory tract, against complaints in the abdomen and also against infections of the kidney or in burn wounds and meningitis. It is usually an easily tolerated antibiotic that has few common side effects. What is amikacin? Amikacin is used as an antibiotic, for example, … Amikacin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the hospital germs. Thus, the bacterium mainly harms people who are already in poor health. What is Klebsiella pneumoniae? Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative human pathogenic rod-shaped bacterium that belongs to the genus Klebsiella. The bacterium belongs to the fast lactose fermenters and is oxidase-negative. It belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae … Klebsiella Pneumoniae: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Fluoroquinolones are a subgroup of the so-called quinolones. They are used in medicine as antibiotics. At the same time, they belong to the gyrase inhibitors and differ from other substances of this type by their wide spectrum of activity. Modern fluoroquinolones are effective against pathogen enzymes, such as topoisomerase IV, among others. What are fluoroquinolones? … Fluoroquinolones: Effect, Uses & Risks
Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is the most energy-rich molecule in the organism and is responsible for all energy-transferring processes. It is a mononucleotide of the purine base adenine and therefore also represents a building block of nucleic acids. Disturbances in the synthesis of ATP inhibit the release of energy and lead to states of exhaustion. … Adenosine Triphosphate: Function & Diseases
The cough reflex is a process that occurs in the human body and cannot be suppressed at will. It comes into play, for example, when harmful elements are deposited in the bronchial tubes. Thus, the cough reflex is one of the body’s natural protective measures. What is the cough reflex? The cough reflex runs involuntarily, … Cough Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
