How does dexmedetomidine work? Dexmedetomidine inhibits the release of the nerve messenger noradrenaline in a specific brain region: the locus caeruleus. This structure of the brain is particularly rich in nerve cells that communicate via norepinephrine and are involved in controlling orientation as well as attention. Less norepinephrine due to dexmedetomidine subsequently means less messenger … Dexmedetomidine: Effects, dosage
How midazolam works Midazolam is a so-called benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines bind to the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA receptor) in the central nervous system and enhance the effect of the natural messenger GABA. In this way, they have dose-dependent antianxiety (anxiolytic), sedative, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effects. One of these messenger substances is GABA. It has an … Midazolam: Effects, Areas of Application, Side Effects
How zopiclone works Zopiclone is a drug from the group of so-called Z-substances. It has a sedative (calming) and sleep-inducing effect. The human nervous system has various messenger substances (neurotransmitters) that can have an activating or inhibiting effect. Normally, they are present in a balanced equilibrium and enable the change between waking and sleeping states. … Zopiclone: Effects, Applications, Side Effects
Products Zuclopenthixol is commercially available in the form of dragées, as drops, and as a solution for injection (Clopixol). It has been approved in many countries since 1977. Structure and properties Zuclopenthixol (C22H25ClN2OS, Mr = 400.7 g/mol) is present in drugs as zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride, zuclopenthixol acetate, or zuclopenthixol decanoate. Zuclopenthixol decanoate is a yellow, viscous, … Zuclopenthixol
Products Zolpidem is commercially available as film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, and effervescent tablets (Stilnox, Stilnox CR, generics, USA: Ambien). It has been approved in many countries since 1990. Structure and properties Zolpidem (C19H21N3O, Mr = 307.39 g/mol) is an imidazopyridine that is structurally distinct from the benzodiazepines. It is present in drugs as zolpidem tartrate, … Zolpidem
Products Oxazepam is commercially available in tablet form (Seresta, Anxiolit). It has been approved in many countries since 1966. Structure and properties Oxazepam (C15H11ClN2O2, Mr = 286.7 g/mol) is a racemate. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Oxazepam (ATC N05BA04) has antianxiety, sedative, sleep-inducing, anticonvulsant, and muscle … Oxazepam: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products In many countries, kava is currently only available in the form of highly diluted homeopathic medicines. For example, Similasan Kava-Kava tablets contain kava in the homeopathic potencies D12, D15 and D30. This remedy no longer contains kava. Mother tinctures and low potencies up to and including D6 may no longer be sold. Previously distributed … Kava
Products Azaperone is commercially available as a solution for injection (Stresnil). It has been approved in many countries since 1970. Structure and properties Azaperone (C19H22FN3O, Mr = 327.4 g/mol), like haloperidol (haldol), belongs to the butyrphenones. It is a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Azaperone (ATCvet QN05AD90) is depressant and effective … Azaperone
In its history as a medicinal plant, valerian had to serve for almost everything. Thus, valerian was also considered an aphrodisiac for a long time: the recommendation was probably aimed at its harmonizing and calming effect even then. Although Romans, Egyptians and healers of the Middle Ages already used valerian root for medical treatment, the … Valerian with Calming Effect
The prick test is an internationally recognized standard procedure for detecting type 1 allergies (immediate reaction) such as pollen or food allergies. In all cases, a prick test is associated with only minor risks and side effects. What is the prick test? The prick test is an internationally recognized standard procedure for detecting type 1 … Prick Test: Treatment, Effect & Risks
Products Benzodiazepines are commercially available in the form of tablets, melting tablets, capsules, drops, and injectables, among others (selection). Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), the first benzodiazepine, was synthesized in the 1950s by Leo Sternbach at Hoffmann-La Roche and was launched in 1960. The second active ingredient, the well-known diazepam (Valium), was launched in 1962. Numerous other drugs … Benzodiazepines Effects and Side Effects
Products No finished drug products containing amobarbital are commercially available in many countries. Structure and properties Amobarbital (C11H18N2O3, Mr = 226.3 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is very sparingly soluble in water. The sodium salt amobarbital sodium is soluble in water. Effects Amobarbital (ATC N05CA02) has sedative, depressant, anticonvulsant, and sleep-inducing properties. … Amobarbital
