Products
Tretinoin is commercially available as a cream and lotion (Airol) and in capsule form (Vesanoid). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. The Retin-A cream and gel went out of commerce in many countries at the end of 2012 for commercial reasons. This article refers to external treatment.
Structure and properties
Tretinoin (C20H28O2, Mr = 300.4 g/mol) is vitamin A acid (retinoic acid) and a 1st generation retinoid. It exists as a yellow to light orange crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Especially in solution, it is sensitive to air, heat and light.
Effect
Tretinoin (ATC D10AD01) has comedolytic and keratolytic properties. It normalizes skin formation when used regularly.
Indications
For the external treatment of acne vulgaris. Retin-A was additionally approved for the treatment of chronically sun-damaged skin.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drugs are usually applied to the affected skin once daily in the evening.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Eczema
- Rosacea
- Perioral dermatitis
- Acute inflammation of the skin
- Tretinoin should not be administered during pregnancy.
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Medicines with irritating effects and other irritating acne medicines should not be used at the same time.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include local skin reactions such as rash, inflammation, dry skin, skin peeling, hyperkeratosis, irritation, pain, discoloration, hypopigmentation, and itching. Tretinoin may make the skin sensitive to the sun (photosensitization).
