Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activities of the heart muscle) [T-wave changes, low-voltage, conduction abnormalities, ST depression, or infarct-like images].
- Echocardiography (echo; cardiac ultrasound) – when structural heart disease is suspected.
- Abdominal sonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics.
- X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax / chest), in two planes.
- Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen (abdominal CT – for further diagnosis.
- Computed tomography of the skull (cranial CT, cranial CT or cCT) – for further diagnosis [small hypodense areas in the white matter and cortex].
