Products
Tropicamide is commercially available in the form of eye drops, as an ophthalmic insert, and as a solution for injection. This article refers to the eye drops. The active ingredient has been approved in many countries since 1957.
Structure and properties
Tropicamide (C17H20N2O2, Mr = 284.4 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It has structural similarities to atropine.
Effects
Tropicamide (ATC S01FA06) has parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) and mydriatic properties. It causes pupillary dilation and accommodative disorders in the eye. Pupillary dilation occurs after about 5 minutes and reaches its maximum after 20 to 25 minutes. It lasts for about 6 hours.
Indications
- Diagnostic mydriasis and cycloplegia (fundus examinations, skiascopy).
- Preoperative pupil dilation, e.g., before cataract surgery.
Dosage
According to the professional information.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Drug-drug interactions have been described with other anticholinergic drugs. They may increase the effects and adverse effects.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include:
- Mild burning of the eyes for a short time after instillation.
- Increase in intraocular pressure
- Allergy
- Dry mouth
- Fast heart rate (tachycardia)
- Headache
