Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).
- Epispadias (urethral cleft formation)-mildest form of bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex; rarely occurs in isolation
- Urethra (urethra), short or long.
- Ureteral ectopia (mis-orifice of the ureter distal (“remote”) from the bladder neck into the urethra, prostate, vagina/vagina, or uterus/uterine).
Respiratory System (J00-J99)
- Bronchitis, chronic (permanent inflammation of the respiratory tract with chronic cough).
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Diabetes mellitus (→ sensory neuropathy/peripheral nerve disease).
- Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Syphilis (→ sensory neuropathy).
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Constipation (constipation)
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Urinary bladder tumor
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Delirium (states of confusion)
- Depression
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Enuresis – involuntary wetting of the child.
- Kauda syndrome – cross-sectional syndrome at the level of the cauda equina (anatomical structure located inside the spine in a sac of hard meninges (dura mater) and the arachnoid mater adjacent to it inside); this leads to damage to the nerve fibers below the conus medullaris (name for the conical, caudal end of the spinal cord), which is accompanied by flaccid paresis (paralysis) of the legs, often with urinary bladder and rectal dysfunction.
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- Paraplegia – paralysis of all extremities.
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – reproductive organs) (N00-N99).
- Atrophic urethritis – inflammation of the urethra in older women due to receding mucosa.
- Atrophic vaginitis – vaginitis in older women due to receded mucosa.
- Pelvic floor insufficiency (pelvic arch weakness).
- Bladder neck stenosis (narrowing of the bladder neck).
- Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH; benign enlargement of the prostate).
- Detrusor instability (unstable bladder, uninhibited bladder contractions), idiopathic or secondary (e.g., apoplexy/stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, etc.)
- Interstitial cystitis (IC; chronic abacterial cystitis).
- Neurogenic bladder – dysfunction of the urinary bladder due to a disorder in the nervous system.
- Overflow bladder
- Urethrastenosis (narrowing of the urethra)
- Urolithiasis (urinary stone disease)
- Cystitis (cystitis), infectious.
Injuries, poisoning, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Trauma (injury), unspecified (e.g., pelvic fracture/fracture with sphincter injury/sphincter injury)
Medications (which may cause temporary urinary incontinence).
- Analgesics of the COX inhibitor group (celecoxib).
- Anticholinergics (e.g., disopyramide).
- Antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, fluoxetine).
- Antihypertensives (eg, captopril, dihydropyridine, prazosin).
- Anti-Parkinsonian drugs (e.g., trihexyphenidyl).
- Antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol).
- Diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
- Opiate analgesics
- Oral antidiabetic agents (e.g., rosiglitazone)
- Cytostatic drugs (vincristine* )
* Reversibility possible
Surgeries
- Zust. n. operations with fistula formation (eg, vesicovaginal).
- Zust. n. prostatectomy (prostate removal); mostly temporary.
Environmental stress – intoxications (poisoning).
- Alcohol
Further
- After radiotherapy (Radiatio)
- Menopause (menopause of the woman)
