Definition
Varicose veins (varicose veins) are dilated, superficial veins that are usually visible under the skin in a crimp. The legs are most frequently affected by this phenomenon. In the long term, it can lead to chronic venous weakness with an increased risk of thrombosis. Pregnancy is a risk factor for the development or worsening of an already existing varicose vein condition.
Causes of varicose veins during pregnancy
The blood from the legs is pumped through the superficial veins into the deep veins, and from there back to the heart. To be able to do this against gravity, the muscles, among other things, are used as pumps. Furthermore, the veins have valves to prevent the blood from flowing back again.
If these valves are defective, the blood can accumulate especially in the superficial veins. This leads to the formation of varicose veins. Another reason for an excessive venous filling can be an obstacle to drainage, e.g. as a result of leg vein thrombosis.
If the venous drainage system is disturbed, blood collects in the superficial veins and the vessels expand in the form of sacks. This is then visible as varicose veins under the skin. Factors promoting the formation of varicose veins are weakness of the connective tissue or an increase in pressure in the venous system.
The risk factors include: Especially during pregnancy, an already existing varicose vein condition can become worse or appear for the first time. The pregnancy hormone progesterone causes the connective and muscle tissue in the body to loosen. The leg veins also become flabbier as a result.
If there is a weakness in the connective tissue, the wall of the veins slackens. Due to the increased venous filling, the veins deform and become visible. As the uterus enlarges during pregnancy, venous return to the heart is additionally impeded.
- A familial predisposition,
- Overweight,
- Mainly sitting or standing activities,
- The female sex
- And the pregnancy.
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