The following forms of visual disorders can be distinguished:
- Amblyopia ex anopsia (synonym: stimulus deprivation amblyopia) – amblyopia caused by a true functional failure of the eye.
- Subjective visual disturbances such as:
- Asthenopia – symptom complex described by the following complaints:Abnormal sensations under visual stress, accompanied by blurred vision, watering, etc.
- Color rings around light sources
- Flickering scotoma – flickering sensations on one/both sides; often occurring before/in migraine.
- Hemeralopia (day blindness)
- Metamorphopsia – altered / distorted perception of objects.
- Photophobia (photophobia)
- Sudden loss of vision
- Diplopia (double vision)
- Other disorders of binocular vision such as:
- Abnormal retinal correspondence
- Fusion with degraded stereo vision
- Simultaneous viewing without fusion
- Suppression (suppression) of binocular vision (joint vision of right and left eye).
- Visual field defects
- Hemianopsia homonoym/heteronymous – hemifacial loss of the visual field of one/both eyes.
- Concentric narrowing of the visual field
- Quadrant anopsia – visual field loss in quadrant shape.
- Scotoma – circumscribed visual field loss.
- Enlarged blind spot
- Color sense disturbance
- Night blindness
Cave!The sudden loss of vision is always an emergency.
Furthermore, it is necessary to distinguish between a painful and a painless visual disturbance.
